Reported by Bit Irom
Imphal: The widespread use of poisonous chemicals, electric currents, and explosives for fishing is causing severe damage to Manipur‘s rivers, lakes, and wetlands, raising alarm among environmentalists who warn of a looming ecological crisis.
Experts say illegal fishing activities during the critical breeding season of May and June have significantly contributed to the decline of several indigenous fish species. The situation has been further aggravated by the shrinking of rivers, wetlands, and small water bodies across the state.
Environmentalists have cautioned that continued exploitation of aquatic ecosystems could lead to irreversible ecological damage, affecting both biodiversity and the livelihoods of communities dependent on these resources.
Despite growing concerns over the environmental impact, conservationists allege that authorities have yet to implement effective measures to curb the use of destructive fishing methods. They warn that the continued neglect threatens the survival of several native fish species and disrupts the ecological balance of Manipur’s freshwater ecosystems.
Among the species reportedly facing severe population declines are Meetei Ngamu or Porom (Striped Snakehead), Ngakichou (Guntea Loach), Ngakra (Catfish), Pengba Tharak, popularly known as the “Hilsa of Manipur” and the state’s official fish, Khabak (Minor Carp), Nganap (Coolie Loach/Spiny Eel), Ngamhai (Glass Perchlet), Ngaton (Reba Carp), and Ngakha or Nganoi (Ticto Barb).
Environmentalist Khangembam Shamungou described the situation as alarming, stating that several fish species once commonly found in Manipur‘s water bodies have either become rare or disappeared altogether. He attributed the decline to a combination of factors, including destructive human activities, climate change, changing rainfall patterns, and the increasing use of chemical fertilisers in agriculture.
According to Shamungou, species that thrive in stagnant or slow-moving waters, such as Porom and Ngakra, have witnessed a sharp decline due to the degradation of swampy habitats and wetlands.
The crisis, he noted, extends beyond environmental concerns and is beginning to affect the state’s cultural traditions. Several indigenous fish species hold an important place in Meetei customs and rituals, particularly during weddings and other social ceremonies. As these fish become increasingly scarce, their availability and affordability have also been affected.
Environmentalists also pointed to the decline of traditional fish conservation practices, including the custom of releasing fish into community ponds. Rapid urbanisation and the loss of natural water bodies have contributed to the disappearance of these age-old traditions.
Conservationists have called for stricter enforcement of fishing regulations, protection of breeding habitats, and public awareness campaigns to prevent further depletion of Manipur‘s indigenous aquatic biodiversity.